Spark-arrester and draft-producer for locomotives



(Rommel.)

J. G. KALBAGH 8v T. P. KINSEY.

`SPARK vARRRSTRR AND DRAFT PRODUCER FOR'LOGOMOTIVRS. No. 267,220. Patented Nov. 7, 1882.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN G. KALBAOH AND THOMAS P. KINSEY, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPARK-ARRESTER AND DRAFT-PRODUCER FOR LOCONIOTIVES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,220, dated November 7, 1882,

Application filed February 3, 1882. (No model.)

Vduction of the exhaust or live steam into the stack or chimney, and is intended to relieve the engine from the back-pressure occasioned by the exhaust delivering through contracted nozzles, at the same time improving the draft of the boiler, and to preventor abate the smoke nuisance where soft coal is used as a fuel.

Referring to thedrawings herewith, in which corresponding parts are designated by similar letters, Figure l represents a front sectional elevation of the lirebox ot a locomotive, showing the apparatus in place before the tubesheet. Fig. 2 represents a rear sectional elevation of the smokechamber of a built-in or a stationary tubular boiler with the invention applied thereto. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a locomotive-boiler with the apparatus in place. Fig. tis adetail showing the nozzle-tips ofthe blow-pipes.

A represents the boiler; A', the smoke box or chamber; A2, the stack; B, the steam-dome; O, the lire-box; D, the lire-door; D', the tubes; E, the tire-bars; F,the fuel; G,the bed-pipe ot' the spark-arrester and draft-producer H, vertical pipes placed one'in front of each vertical row ot' tubes; I, elbows or turns upon the same on aline with the lower edge of the upper tubes. JJ are horizontal blow-pipes, tapped into the vertical pipes H, and so arranged that they shall, when connected therewith, lie upon the lower side of the tubes D and extend within the same for one-half to three-fourths of their length. K is a union, K a steam pipe, and L a cock uniting the dome B with the bedpipe of the arrester and draft-producer. M is a hollow stay in the trebox, of sufficient size to pass the bed-pipe easily through. M is a thimble built in the wall of a stationary boiler-settin g for the same purpose. J are nozzles secured to the ends of the blow-pipes J.

'To introduce the apparatus into the ire-box the vertical pipes H, with their turns I, are

drilled and tapped to the vertical pitch ofthe L tubes and have right and left threaded thimbles H upon their lower ends. The horizontal blow-pipes J, capped, with their nozzles J' cut to proper length and screwed at the tubesheet end, are placed one in each tube ot' the boiler. The verticals H are then connected with the horizontale by screwing together. The hollow stay-bolts M or thimbles M having been secured in placesay about six inches away from the tube-sheet-aud the bed-pipe G having been drilled to the horizontal pitch ot' the tubes and tapped to suit the left-hand thread of the thimbles upon the verticals, the bed-pipe is shoved through from side to side of the lire-box or smoke-chamber and the vertical pipe-thimbles Hareinserted and screwed home in the bed. One end of the bedis closed by a cap, G, and the other is, by a union, K, coupled to the pipe K', which, by cock L, is connected with the dome B or the steam-space ofthe boiler. The cock L may be fastened directly to the dome B, or, it' more convenient, mayhave-a short pipeconnection between them.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: When standing still (with the cock L open) as soon as steam is raised it will circulate by the pipe G through all the verticals H, and from them through the horizontals J and their nozzles J into the tubes D', which, as the pressure in the boiler increases, will vary't'rom a moderate to a fierce blast in the tubes and a corresponding draft through thetuel on the liregrates. Steam being let into the cylinders the engine moves oft', when the coa-ls and sparks that usually, from the action ot' the contracted exhaust-nozzles, are drawn through the tubes and out ofthe stack in au incandescent state, are met by the steam-jets from the nozzles J', and are immediately quenched and blackened, and if carried out ot' the stack would prove in nocuous. The actionof the steam through the nozzles J will produce a vacuum in the tubes .D, and the draft through the same may be increased or retarded to any reasonable extent by operating the cock L. As the blow-pipes J subserve the same purpose as the contracted nozzles of the present exhaust-pipes, therefore the use of our invention permits their enlarge IOO ment, so as to reduce the back-pressure upon l ment shown, as that will vary with its applithe pistons to a minimum. rlhe force of the exhaust from the enlargement of the nozzles being lost we apprehend that very little coal will be drawn from the tire-box through the tubes and be passed out of the stack. The blast from the nozzles J being uniformly distributed through all the tubes, and not, as under the present system, coniined principally to the middle horizontal rows, theaggregate blast, in all probability, will be as strong as under the present mode of operating; but, being divided up among all the tubes, will, although furnishing as free a draft for the fuel, have no tendency to carry the same out of the tire-chamber.

The flues or tubes under our system will, as long as the apparatus is operated, be kept perl'ectly clean, and will therefore be more effective as steam-producers.

We propose using heavyone(l) inch pipe for the bed G, half inch for the verticals H, and one-eighth inch for the horizontals J, the apertures in the nozzles J to be adjusted in diameter to the class of engine or boiler to.

which it is applied.

We do not anticipate any damage to the apparatus from its location in a locomotive-boiler tire-box, for as soon as steam forms it will circulate through the same and'prevent it; but should it prove otherwise the pipes that are exposed in the fire-box may be covered with asbestus or any other suitable tire-resistir] g coverlng.

1t' thought desirable, the connection of the pipe K may be made with the water-level of the boiler, in which case water under pressure would be driven out of the nozzles J', instead ot' steam, and the nozzles, we think, should then be reduced in size-say about one-half that used for steam.

Should it be found that the apparatus need not be protected, then the steam in the pipes G, H, and J will be superheated, and the volume being thereby increased there will be a corresponding decrease in the drain of steam from lthe boiler. We propose, however, having, as shown, connected one end of the bedpipe G with the steam-space of the boiler, to

make a similar connection between the oppo` site or capped endl of the bed-pipe and the water-space of the same, using for this purposea pipe of small caliber, not exceeding one-halfii1ch bore, with a globe valve or cock placed thereon for opening or closing the connection between the two.

The pipes J may be of any desired length, and may be arranged as short pipes of small diameters, entering within the tubes about one-fourth the length thereof. lf thus arranged the pipes or nozzles J Jl should be placed central to the diameter of the tubes. We prefer, however, the plan of carrying the pipe J within the tube D forward of the tubesheet, and making it from one-half to threel Ya short distance away from the tube-sheet,

and in combination with air blown from pipes perforated over their top and side surfaces and lying within the tubes. We do not therefore broadly claim the application of steam for that purpose. We however do claim our special apparatus and itscOmbination with the fire-box of a locomotive or stationary boiler for the purpose described, believing ourselves to be the lirst to use it in the manner and'form shown and specified.

The application of the improvement is readilyy made, is inexpensive, and the gain from the reduction of back-pressure upon the piston will add a fair per cent. to the effective power of the engine.

Having described our invention, its construction and application, we desire to secure by Letters Patent the followingclaims, to wit:

l. A spark-arrester and draft-producer tor locomotive, tubular, and fine boilers, consisting of steam-pipes of small-caliber, with their nozzles arranged in the tubes or dues of the same at a point of from one-half to threefourths of their lengths from the gas or heat entering ends thereof, whereby sparks or coals drawn within the tubes or ilues will be ejected therefrom and quenched thereby, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. rlhe method of arresting sparks and producing draft, consisting in the injection of steam from the ends of pipes or nozzles of small caliber into the dues or tubes of locomotive or stationary tubular boilers at a point Within the same of from one-half to threefourths of their length from the gas or heat entering ends thereof, whereby the soot held in suspension is condensed and driven into the smoke-box or smoke-Hue, substantially as specified.

3. In a draft-producer and spark-arrester, as described, with its system of pipes located in the fire-box or tire-chamber of a locomotive or stationary boiler, the bed-pipe of the same connected at one end with the steam-space and at the opposite end with the water-space, whereby the blow-pipes may be operated in advance of pressure within the boiler, substantially as and for the purpose described.

JOHN G. KALBAGH.

A THOMAS P. KINSEY. Vitnesses:

F. PIERCE HUMMEL, W iLLIAM J. ROURKE.

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